CARBON MONOXIDE

Carbon Monoxide is produced by the incomplete oxidation of fuels. When absorbed by the lungs it combines with the haemoglobin in the blood to form carbohexyhaemoglobin. People exposed to high levels eg petrol pump attendants, traffic police and drivers may have carboxyhaemoglobin in excess of 2% in the blood. Blood levels of 2-10% cause symptoms of tiredness, impaired vigilance, loss of manual dexterity. Prolonged low exposure has been associated with defective heart valves.

LEAD

Lead was used as an anti-knock agent in petrol. 20 years ago, we were told that it was an essential ingredient in petrol.

Tax changes and public awareness of the damage caused to children living near roads has led to a complete ban of lead in petrol in the UK in 1999.